Horny Goat Weed, also known as Epimedium, is a plant that has been used for centuries in Traditional Chinese Medicine as an aphrodisiac to enhance libido, increase energy levels, and promote overall well-being. Herba epimedium extract is a brown powdery product extracted from the dried leaves of Epimedium sagittatum maxim, Epimedium pubescent. Horny Goat Weed is a natural source of icariin, an active compound that helps support healthy sexual function in both men and women.
1. What is Horny Goat Weed Powder?
In China, Epimedium has a history of medicinal use spanning over two millennia, first documented in the Shennong Ben Cao Jing (The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica). The English common name "Horny Goat Weed" originates from an ancient legend where a goat herder observed unusually heightened sexual activity in his flock after they grazed on the plant, thus discovering its potential aphrodisiac properties.
| Melting point: | 223-225 °C |
| Boiling point: | 948.5±65.0°C |
| Molecular formula: | C33H40O15 |
| Molecular weight: | 676.66 |
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Structural formula:
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2. Certificate Of Analysis (COA)
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Product Name |
Horny Goat Weed Powder Extract (Icariin) |
Botanical Source |
Epimedium Brevicornum
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CAS No. |
476-66-4 |
Plant Part |
Leaf |
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ITEM |
SPECIFICATION |
RESULT |
TEST METHOD |
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Physical Description |
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Appearance |
Brown powder
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Conforms |
Visual |
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Mesh Size
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95% pass 80 mesh
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Conforms |
CP2020 |
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Taste |
Characteristic |
Conforms |
Olfactory |
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Identification
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(+)
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Positive
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TLC
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Chemical Tests |
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Assay |
≥10.0% |
10.63% |
HPLC |
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Loss on drying |
≤5.0% |
3.12% |
CP2020 (65 ℃, 3h) |
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Ash |
≤5.0% |
0.59% |
CP2020 (600℃, 4h) |
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Heavy Metals |
≤10 ppm |
<10 ppm |
CP2020 |
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Pb
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≤2.0 mg/kg
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Conforms |
GB 5009.75
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As
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≤1.0 mg/kg
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Conforms |
GB 5009.76
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Hg
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≤0.3 mg/kg
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Conforms |
GB 5009.17
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HCH
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≤0.2 mg/kg
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Conforms |
GB 5009.19
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DDT
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≤0.2 mg/kg
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Conforms |
GB 5009.19
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Microbiology Control |
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Aerobic bacterial count |
≤1,000 CFU/g |
<10 CFU/g |
CP2020 |
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Total Yeast & Mold |
≤100 CFU/g |
<10 CFU/g |
CP2020 |
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Escherichia coli |
Negative |
Conforms |
CP2020 |
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Salmonella |
Negative |
Conforms |
CP2020 |
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Conclusion |
Conforms to specification |
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Storage: |
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep in tightly sealed containers, preferably full. | ||
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Shelf Life: |
24 months when properly stored. |
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Status: |
Non-irradiation; Non-GMO; No Carrier; Halal & Kosher certified. |
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3. What is the Process Flow Diagram?
The production of Horny Goat Weed Extract follows a rigorous, standardized process designed to maximize the extraction and concentration of target active compounds (like icariin) while removing impurities and ensuring the safety and stability of the final product. This process typically includes raw material pre-treatment, extraction, filtration, concentration, purification, drying, and final product processing.[1]
3.1 Raw Material Reception and Pre-treatment:
The herbs are cleaned to remove dirt and other impurities, then dried. The dried material is fed into a pulverizer and crushed to a suitable particle size (e.g., 40-60 mesh).
3.2 Extraction:
Based on the polarity of the target compound, icariin (a flavonoid glycoside), water or an ethanol-water mixture is typically chosen as the extraction solvent. Ethanol effectively dissolves flavonoids, while water helps extract some water-soluble substances and adjust polarity.[2]
3.3 Filtration and Separation:
Perform solid-liquid separation on the merged extract to remove the drug residue and obtain a clear extract.[3] This step aims to remove insoluble macromolecules and plant fibers.
3.4 Concentration:
The clear extract is pumped into vacuum concentration equipment (e.g., single-effect or multi-effect evaporators, rotary evaporators). Under reduced pressure and lower temperatures (e.g., 50-60°C), most of the solvent is evaporated, producing a concentrated paste with a relative density of approximately 1.10–1.20.
3.5 Purification and Drying:
The purified eluate or concentrated paste is dried to obtain a stable powder. The most common method is spray drying. Vacuum drying is another option, which uses lower temperatures and is better suited for protecting heat-sensitive substances.
3.6 Final Product Processing:
The dried material is crushed and passed through a standard sieve (e.g., 80-100 mesh) to ensure uniform particle size.

4. Is Horny Goat Weed Extract Effective? How Does It Work?
The efficacy of Horny Goat Weed Extract is rooted in its long history of traditional use and has been validated by modern scientific research. Its core active ingredient, icariin, is the material basis for most of its pharmacological activities.
Concurrently, it inhibits the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts, thus slowing bone loss and maintaining bone density.
5. What Are the Applications of Horny Goat Weed Extract?
Thanks to its diverse biological activities and well-defined efficacy, Horny Goat Weed Extract has become a favored ingredient in the global health industry with a wide range of applications.
5.1 Dietary Supplements:
This is the primary application market for the extract.
- Men's Health Products: Formulations aimed at enhancing libido, improving erectile function, and boosting energy, often compounded with other natural ingredients like Maca, Tongkat Ali, and Yohimbine.
- Bone Health Products: Targeted at middle-aged and elderly individuals, as well as postmenopausal women, for the prevention of osteoporosis. It is frequently combined with calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin K2.
- Sports Nutrition: Due to its ability to promote nitric oxide production and improve blood flow, some pre-workout products include Horny Goat Weed Extract to enhance athletic performance and the "pump" sensation.
- Anti-Aging and Cognitive Health: Its neuroprotective and antioxidant capabilities make it a key ingredient in supplements designed to support healthy aging, memory, and cognitive performance.
5.2 Functional Foods and Beverages:
The extract is added as a functional ingredient to health bars, functional drinks, men's health wines, or tea bags to impart additional health benefits to regular foods.
Applications




5.3 Product Forms:
Horny Goat Weed Extract powder has good processing adaptability and can be made into various dosage forms, including:
- Capsules/Tablets: The most common forms, offering accurate dosing and convenience.
- Powders: Can be consumed directly with water or added to drinks and shakes.
- Liquid Extracts/Tinctures: May offer faster absorption.
- Gummies: An increasingly popular and more appealing supplement form.
6. Regulatory Compliance
The regulatory status of Horny Goat Weed Extract varies by country/region, with no uniform global standard.
In China, Epimedium is a legally recognized TCM herb. Its extract can be classified as a pharmaceutical ingredient, a health food ingredient, or a general food ingredient, depending on its intended use and registration pathway. The China Chamber of Commerce for Import & Export of Medicines & Health Products has issued group standards, such as T/CCCMHPIE 1.25-2018 Plant Extracts - Epimedium Extract, which provide a reference for quality control within the industry.
7. Why Choose APPCHEM?
Global Footprint, Local Expertise
Over half of our R&D team holds advanced degrees, driving cutting-edge developments in herbal extracts with 24/7 technical support in 30 + languages.
Our expertise in industrial-scale extraction produces high-quality, custom-tailored solutions that meet precise client requirements.
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8. Certificates

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Reference:
[1] Explanation of the preparation of the national standard "Technical Specification for Plant Extract Production Process"
[2] Analysis of peony (Chinese paeoniflorin) in accordance with the 15th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. T. Fukaya.
[3] REPORT WITH THE MOST SUITABLE EXTRACTION CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING THE PRESERVING COMPOUNDS FROM PUMPKIN BY-PRODUCTS
[4] The therapeutic effect and mechanism of icariin on vascular erectile dysfunction in rats, Yao Juncheng, et al. [2023-11]
[5] Research Progress on the Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Icariin: A Comprehensive Review, Song Yixiang, et al.
[6] Study on the Efficacy of Epimedium Extract Epimedium Saponins [2022-11-25]
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